ProEthica Case 57 Ontology
type: Ontology
created: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.723907
imports: cases
imports: intermediate

A1
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733783
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A10
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734019
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A11
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734047
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A12
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734073
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A13
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734099
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A14
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734124
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A15
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734184
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A16
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734213
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A17
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734263
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A18
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734296
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A19
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734324
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A2
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733809
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A20
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.734351
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A3
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733836
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A4
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733862
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A5
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733888
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A6
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733913
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A7
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733942
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A8
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733967
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

A9
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733994
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

BER_Case_07-10
type: BoardEthicsCasePrecedent
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: 2007
createdby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: BER Case 07-10: Barn Structure Modification and Snow Load Concerns
sourcetext: In BER Case 07-10, the Board was faced with a case in which Engineer A had designed and built a barn
usedby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
usedincontext: Precedent for engineer's obligations regarding known structural deficiencies
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726710
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

BER_Case_17-3
type: BoardEthicsCasePrecedent
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: 2017
createdby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: BER Case 17-3: Forensic Investigation and Structural Design Defects
sourcetext: In BER Case 17-3, Engineer A was a professional engineer and registered architect with extensive design and forensic engineering experience
usedby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
usedincontext: Precedent for obligations beyond client reporting when public safety is at risk
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726795
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

BER_Case_19-10
type: BoardEthicsCasePrecedent
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: 2019
createdby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: BER Case 19-10: Building Investigation and Structural Instability
sourcetext: An illustration of how the Board has addressed this issue can be found in BER Case 19-10
usedby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
usedincontext: Precedent for handling structurally unstable building situations
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726584
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

BER_Case_98-5
type: BoardEthicsCasePrecedent
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: 1998
createdby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: BER Case 98-5: Building Inspection Program and Code Requirements
sourcetext: Similarly, in BER Case 98-5, Engineer A, a PE responsible for the City's building inspection program
usedby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
usedincontext: Precedent for handling pressure to compromise safety standards
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726875
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Bridge_Inspection_Report_Current
type: BridgeInspectionReport
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: Current inspection period
createdby: Inspector under supervision of Engineer Intern A
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:18.184827
hasdocumenttitle: Current Bridge Inspection Report
hasversion: Most recent
sourcetext: While reviewing the inspection report for a bridge, Engineer Intern A observed that an inspector...had failed to report a visibly obvious defect
usedby: Engineer Intern A
usedincontext: Reviewed for quality control and defect identification
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725209
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

BroaderNotification_Case173
type: PublicWelfarePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Systemic design defect affecting multiple homes
balancedwith: Client confidentiality
balancedwith: Contractual limitations
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Demonstrates obligation to warn broader community when systemic issues discovered
hasconcreteexpression: Engineer A had further responsibilities to take additional steps, including contacting local building officials, individual homeowners, and the local homeowners' or community civic association
hasinterpretation: Discovery of widespread safety issues requires broad public notification beyond client reporting
hastensionresolution: Public safety requires notification of all potentially affected parties
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: Engineer A had further responsibilities to take additional steps, including contacting local building officials, individual homeowners, and the local homeowners' or community civic association to advise them of the finding
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.729931
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Budget_Staff_Resource_Limitation
type: ResourceConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Engineer A pressed between staff reductions and new code requirements
confidencescore: 0.95
constrainedentity: City building inspection program
constraintsource: City budget allocations
constraintstatement: Limited inspection staff due to budget cuts restricts inspection capacity
enforcementmechanism: Budget approval process
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:33.060012
severity: major
sourcetext: pressed between reductions in staff due to budget cuts and implementation of new, more rigid code requirements
temporalscope: During budget cycle
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731191
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Building_Occupancy_Certificate_Constraint
type: RegulatoryConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Multiple cases involve certificates of occupancy issued despite structural concerns
confidencescore: 0.9
constrainedentity: Building modifications and occupancy
constraintsource: County building regulations
constraintstatement: Buildings must receive certificate of occupancy from county officials before occupation
enforcementmechanism: County building official inspection and approval
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:33.060012
severity: critical
sourcetext: the building was issued a certificate of occupancy by a county building official
temporalscope: Prior to building occupation
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731100
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Case 57 Timeline
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732257
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

CausalLink_Defect Reporting Omission
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732817
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

CausalLink_Historical Records Review
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732843
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

CausalLink_Selective Information Disclosu
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732869
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

City_Building_Code_New
type: BuildingCodeRequirements
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.85
createdby: City Building Department
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: New City Building Code Requirements
sourcetext: implementation of new, more rigid code requirements which greatly enhanced and protected the public's health and safety
usedby: Engineer A (BER Case 98-5)
usedincontext: Implementation of enhanced safety requirements
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727053
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

City_Building_Code_Old
type: BuildingCodeRequirements
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.85
createdby: City Building Department
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: Older City Building Code Requirements
sourcetext: permit buildings already under construction to be 'grandfathered' under the older code requirements
usedby: City Council Chairman
usedincontext: Proposed grandfathering for buildings under construction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727126
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Client B
type: StakeholderRole
type: NamedIndividual
caseinvolvement: Hired Engineer A for building investigation after fire
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:54.449629
hasactiveobligation: Address building safety issues
hasactiveobligation: Work with engineer on resolution
hasethicaltension: None specified
hasrole: Property owner/client
sourcetext: Engineer A was hired by Client B to conduct a building investigation
wasattributedto: Case 57 Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725452
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

CompetenceLimitation_CurrentCase
type: CompetencePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Assessment of defect urgency
appliedto: Engineer Intern's decision to withhold information
balancedwith: Desire to assess urgency
balancedwith: Professional judgment
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Explains why withholding information exceeded Engineer Intern A's authority
hasconcreteexpression: Engineer Intern A was not yet qualified to either make that determination or evaluate the materiality of the information
hasinterpretation: Interns must recognize limits of their qualifications and cannot make independent judgments about information materiality
hastensionresolution: Lack of qualification requires full disclosure rather than selective reporting
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A was not yet qualified to either make that determination or evaluate the materiality of the information
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730277
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Competence_SupervisoryOversight_Case
type: CompetencePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: supervisory relationship and quality control
balancedwith: Resource limitations
balancedwith: Trust in subordinates
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:55.075123
hascaserelevance: Highlights importance of supervisory competence in ensuring inspection quality
hasconcreteexpression: inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A
hasinterpretation: Competent supervision requires verifying subordinates' work quality and accuracy
hastensionresolution: Engineer Intern A discovered failure through review process
invokedby: Professional responsibility framework
sourcetext: inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727628
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_1
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724444
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_101
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732646
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_102
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732671
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_201
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732695
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_202
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732721
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_301
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732758
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Conclusion_302
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732790
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ContinuingObligation_Case1910
type: ProfessionalVirtuePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Building collapse danger
appliedto: Unresponsive county official
balancedwith: Client relationship
balancedwith: Jurisdictional boundaries
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Demonstrates that engineers must escalate safety concerns through multiple channels
hasconcreteexpression: Engineer A had an obligation to continue to pursue a resolution of the matter
hasinterpretation: Professional responsibility requires persistence when initial safety warnings are ignored
hastensionresolution: Persistence in pursuing safety overrides deference to unresponsive authorities
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: Engineer A had an obligation to continue to pursue a resolution of the matter by working with Client B and by contacting the supervisor of the county official, the fire marshal, or any other agency
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.729742
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

County_Certificate_Occupancy_Case19-10
type: CertificateofOccupancy
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.9
createdby: County Building Official
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: Certificate of Occupancy for Modified Building
sourcetext: the building was issued a certificate of occupancy by a county building official
usedby: Engineer A (BER Case 19-10)
usedincontext: Official certification despite structural concerns
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724296
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Defect Discovery
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731992
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Defect Discovery → Historical Records Review
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732127
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Defect Reporting Omission
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731888
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Defect Reporting Omission → Pattern Revelation
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732073
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EIA_Qualification_Boundary
type: QualificationConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Engineer Intern A unable to independently assess urgency of defect investigation
confidencescore: 0.95
constrainedentity: Engineer Intern A
constraintsource: Professional licensure requirements
constraintstatement: Cannot make professional determinations or evaluate materiality of structural defects without PE qualification
enforcementmechanism: State licensing board oversight
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:33.060012
severity: critical
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A was not yet qualified to either make that determination or evaluate the materiality
temporalscope: Until PE license obtained
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731009
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_ExtendedNotification_Case17-3
type: ExtendedNotificationObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Inadequate beam design potentially affecting multiple tract homes
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.9
derivedfrom: NSPE Code of Ethics
enforcementcontext: BER ethical review
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer A
obligationstatement: Contact building officials, homeowners, and civic associations about design defect
sourcetext: contacting local building officials, individual homeowners, and the local homeowners' or community civic association
temporalscope: After discovering systemic design defect
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730707
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_NotificationObligation_Case07-10
type: ExtendedNotificationObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Modified barn structure could collapse under snow loads
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.85
derivedfrom: NSPE Code - Public Safety
enforcementcontext: BER determination
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer A
obligationstatement: Notify new property owner in writing about structural deficiency
sourcetext: Engineer A should also have notified the new owner in writing about the perceived deficiency
temporalscope: Upon learning of dangerous modification
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730564
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_PersistenceObligation_Case19-10
type: PersistenceObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: County building official did not return phone call after structural instability report
compliancestatus: pending
confidencescore: 0.9
derivedfrom: NSPE Code of Ethics - Public Safety
enforcementcontext: BER review and determination
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer A
obligationstatement: Continue pursuing resolution by contacting supervisor of county official, fire marshal, or other agencies
sourcetext: Engineer A had an obligation to continue to pursue a resolution of the matter by working with Client B
temporalscope: After initial report until resolution
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730386
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_PublicSafetyEscalation_BER1910
type: PublicSafetyEscalationCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Pursue safety resolution through multiple authorities when initial contact fails
casecontext: County official did not return phone call
confidence: 0.85
demonstratedthrough: Contacting county official and recommending bracing to owners
enablesobligations: Duty to protect public from structural hazards
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:47:12.417089
possessedby: Engineer A (BER Case 19-10)
proficiencylevel: intermediate
sourcetext: The county building official did not return Engineer A's phone call
temporalaspect: After identifying safety concerns
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731609
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_RefusalObligation_Case98-5
type: ProfessionalObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Pressure to allow older code for buildings under construction
compliancestatus: pending
confidencescore: 0.85
derivedfrom: NSPE Code - Integrity
enforcementcontext: BER ethical determination
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer A
obligationstatement: Refuse to concur with grandfathering proposal or sign inadequate inspection reports
sourcetext: not ethical either for Engineer A to agree to concur with the chairman's proposal or to sign inadequate inspection reports
temporalscope: When pressured to compromise standards
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730888
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_RegulatoryCompliance_BER985
type: RegulatoryComplianceCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Ensure building inspections meet rigid code requirements
casecontext: Pressed between staff reductions and new code requirements
confidence: 0.9
demonstratedthrough: Managing city building inspection program
enablesobligations: Protection of public health and safety through code enforcement
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:47:12.417089
possessedby: Engineer A (BER Case 98-5)
proficiencylevel: advanced
sourcetext: Engineer A, a PE responsible for the City's building inspection program
temporalaspect: During building inspection program management
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731859
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_SafetyObligation_Case19-10
type: SafetyObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Building structurally unstable with danger of collapse
compliancestatus: met
confidencescore: 0.95
derivedfrom: NSPE I.1
enforcementcontext: Professional standards
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer A
obligationstatement: Immediately advise client and authorities of structural instability danger
sourcetext: Engineer A immediately advised Client B and called the county building official
temporalscope: Upon discovery of danger
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730477
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_StructuralCalculations_BER173
type: StructuralSafetyAssessmentCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Perform structural calculations to verify beam load capacity
casecontext: Forensic investigation of burned beam in residence
confidence: 0.95
demonstratedthrough: Measuring tributary area and running structural calculations
enablesobligations: Identification of design defects affecting public safety
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:47:12.417089
possessedby: Engineer A (BER Case 17-3)
proficiencylevel: expert
sourcetext: Engineer A measured the tributary area of the roof, floor, and wall bearing on the beam and ran a series of structural calculations
temporalaspect: During forensic investigation
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731691
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_StructuralInstability_BER1910
type: StructuralSafetyAssessmentCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Assess building stability and identify structural deficiencies causing roof sag and wall lean
casecontext: Identified structural instability during forensic investigation
confidence: 0.9
demonstratedthrough: Preliminary investigation and structural analysis
enablesobligations: Protection of public safety from building collapse
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:47:12.417089
possessedby: Engineer A (BER Case 19-10)
proficiencylevel: advanced
sourcetext: Engineer A observed the building to be structurally unstable
temporalaspect: During fire origin investigation
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731527
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_StructuralInstability_ClientBBuilding
type: StructuralInstabilityObservationState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Advise client of risks
affectsobligation: Pursue resolution
affectsobligation: Report danger to authorities
caseinvolvement: Triggered immediate notification to Client B and county official
confidencescore: 0.92
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:41:48.042647
hasrelatedparty: Building occupants
hasrelatedparty: Client B
hasrelatedparty: County building official
hassubject: Engineer A
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: During initial building investigation
initiatedby: Observation during fire investigation that building was structurally unstable
sourcetext: Engineer A observed the building to be structurally unstable... Although not imminent, Engineer A believed collapse of the building was a danger
terminatedat: Not resolved in case
terminatedby: Not specified - ongoing concern
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725939
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_UnresponsiveCountyOfficial_BuildingCollapse
type: UnresponsiveAuthorityState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Continue pursuing resolution
affectsobligation: Escalate to higher authorities
caseinvolvement: Required Engineer A to escalate beyond initial contact attempt
confidencescore: 0.88
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:41:48.042647
hasrelatedparty: Client B
hasrelatedparty: County building official
hasrelatedparty: County supervisor
hasrelatedparty: Fire marshal
hassubject: Engineer A
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: After Engineer A called county building official
initiatedby: County building official not returning phone call about structural danger
sourcetext: The county building official did not return Engineer A's phone call
terminatedat: When alternative authorities contacted
terminatedby: Board recommendation to escalate to supervisor or fire marshal
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726053
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerA_UnresponsiveTownSupervisor_BarnCollapse
type: UnresponsiveAuthorityState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Document safety concerns in writing
affectsobligation: Notify property owner directly
caseinvolvement: Led to Board requiring written notification to owner
confidencescore: 0.85
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:41:48.042647
hasrelatedparty: Jones (new owner)
hasrelatedparty: Town officials
hasrelatedparty: Town supervisor
hassubject: Engineer A (BER Case 07-10)
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: After Engineer A verbally contacted town supervisor
initiatedby: Town supervisor agreed to review barn extension concern but took no action
sourcetext: Engineer A verbally contacted the town supervisor, who agreed to review the matter, but no action was taken
terminatedat: When written notification sent to owner
terminatedby: Board recommendation to notify owner in writing
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726190
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerB_ResponsibleCharge
type: ResponsibleChargeCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Maintain supervisory control over bridge inspection program
casecontext: Supervises Engineer Intern A and overall inspection program
confidence: 0.95
demonstratedthrough: PE license and DOT director position
enablesobligations: Overall program oversight and regulatory compliance
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:44:25.226698
possessedby: Engineer B
proficiencylevel: expert
sourcetext: Engineer B, a PE and state DOT director
temporalaspect: Ongoing throughout inspection program
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728974
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerB_Supervision_EngineerInternA
type: SupervisionObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Engineer B as PE and director must supervise unlicensed Engineer Intern A
compliancestatus: unclear
confidencescore: 0.95
derivedfrom: Professional engineering standards for supervising unlicensed engineers
enforcementcontext: State DOT employment policies and PE licensing requirements
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:26.413389
obligatedparty: Engineer B
obligationstatement: Provide adequate supervision to Engineer Intern A in bridge inspection program
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A is an unlicensed engineer in the DOT's bridge inspection program under the supervision of Engineer B
temporalscope: Ongoing during employment relationship
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727728
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_CompleteReporting_DefectHistory
type: CompleteReportingObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Failed to report that defect had been visible for five years when reporting to supervisor
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.9
derivedfrom: Professional duty of complete disclosure
enforcementcontext: Professional ethics and DOT policies
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:26.413389
obligatedparty: Engineer Intern A
obligationstatement: Report all material facts about the bridge defect including its five-year history
sourcetext: reported the defect to Engineer B but did not report the fact that the defect had been visibly obvious for at least five years
temporalscope: At time of discovery and reporting
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727859
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_DefectRecognition
type: DefectRecognitionCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Ability to identify visibly obvious defects in concrete bridge members
casecontext: Recognized defect that inspector failed to report
confidence: 0.95
demonstratedthrough: Observation during report review
enablesobligations: Public safety protection through accurate infrastructure assessment
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:44:25.226698
possessedby: Engineer Intern A
proficiencylevel: intermediate
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A observed that an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A had failed to report a visibly obvious defect
temporalaspect: During inspection report review
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728785
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_HistoricalReview
type: HistoricalReviewCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Ability to review and analyze five years of inspection reports and photographs
casecontext: Discovered pattern of unreported defects over five years
confidence: 0.9
demonstratedthrough: Systematic review of historical documentation
enablesobligations: Due diligence in identifying systemic inspection failures
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:44:25.226698
possessedby: Engineer Intern A
proficiencylevel: advanced
sourcetext: reviewed the inspector's reports and photographs going back five years and discovered
temporalaspect: During investigation of defect reporting
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728879
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_InspectionDefectDiscovery_BridgeInspection
type: InspectionDefectDiscoveryState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Ensure public safety
affectsobligation: Maintain inspection integrity
affectsobligation: Report safety issues to authorities
caseinvolvement: Central discovery that triggered partial reporting to supervisor
confidencescore: 0.9
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:00.690269
hasrelatedparty: DOT
hasrelatedparty: Engineer B
hasrelatedparty: Public using bridge
hasrelatedparty: Unnamed inspector
hassubject: Engineer Intern A
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: During routine inspection report review
initiatedby: Review of bridge inspection report revealing unreported visible defect
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A observed that an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A had failed to report a visibly obvious defect in a concrete bridge member
terminatedat: Ongoing at case end
terminatedby: Not terminated in case narrative
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724819
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_MaterialDisclosure_Lacking
type: MaterialInformationDisclosureCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Failed to report material information about duration of defect existence
casecontext: Failed to disclose defect existed for five years
confidence: 0.8
demonstratedthrough: Omission in reporting
enablesobligations: Complete and transparent safety reporting
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:47:12.417089
possessedby: Engineer Intern A
proficiencylevel: basic
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A failed to report the material information that the visibly obvious defect had been missed
temporalaspect: During defect reporting
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731774
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_MaterialFacts
type: MaterialFactsObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Failed to report defect had been missed in inspections for five years
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.9
derivedfrom: NSPE Code - Honesty
enforcementcontext: Professional standards
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:02.135953
obligatedparty: Engineer Intern A
obligationstatement: Report all material facts including that defect existed unchanged for five years
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A had a responsibility to report all material facts related to the visibly obvious defect
temporalscope: During inspection reporting
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730796
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_PartialDisclosure_FiveYearHistory
type: PartialDisclosureState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Complete disclosure to supervisors
affectsobligation: Ensure accountability for inspection failures
affectsobligation: Protect public from ongoing safety risks
caseinvolvement: Created ethical dilemma by withholding critical historical context
confidencescore: 0.95
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:00.690269
hasrelatedparty: DOT leadership
hasrelatedparty: Engineer B
hasrelatedparty: Public
hassubject: Engineer Intern A
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: When reporting defect to Engineer B
initiatedby: Decision to report defect but withhold 5-year history of non-reporting
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A reported the defect to Engineer B but did not report the fact that the defect had been visibly obvious for at least five years
terminatedat: Ongoing at case end
terminatedby: Not terminated in case narrative
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724942
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_Safety_BridgeDefect
type: SafetyObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Reported the defect to supervisor upon discovery
compliancestatus: met
confidencescore: 0.9
derivedfrom: NSPE I.1 - Hold paramount public safety
enforcementcontext: Professional engineering standards
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:26.413389
obligatedparty: Engineer Intern A
obligationstatement: Ensure public safety by identifying and reporting bridge defects
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A reported the defect to Engineer B
temporalscope: Upon discovery of defect
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728161
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_Supervision_Inspector
type: SupervisionObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Failed to detect inspector's repeated omissions over five years
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.85
derivedfrom: DOT organizational structure and professional responsibility
enforcementcontext: Employment responsibilities and professional standards
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:26.413389
obligatedparty: Engineer Intern A
obligationstatement: Supervise and review work of inspector conducting bridge inspections
sourcetext: an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A had failed to report a visibly obvious defect
temporalscope: Ongoing supervisory relationship
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728043
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_SupervisoryResponsibility_InspectorOversight
type: SupervisoryResponsibilityState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Acknowledge limitations of unlicensed status
affectsobligation: Ensure quality of subordinate's work
affectsobligation: Report deficiencies in inspection process
caseinvolvement: Created responsibility for discovering and addressing inspection failures
confidencescore: 0.85
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:00.690269
hasrelatedparty: DOT
hasrelatedparty: Engineer B
hasrelatedparty: Unnamed inspector
hassubject: Engineer Intern A
hasurgencylevel: medium
initiatedat: Upon joining bridge inspection program
initiatedby: Assignment to DOT bridge inspection program with supervisory duties
sourcetext: an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A
terminatedat: Ongoing at case end
terminatedby: Not terminated in case narrative
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725120
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_UnqualifiedMaterialityAssessment
type: UnqualifiedAssessmentState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Defer materiality judgments to qualified engineers
affectsobligation: Recognize limits of expertise
caseinvolvement: Lacked qualification to determine whether 5-year history was material
confidencescore: 0.9
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:41:48.042647
hasrelatedparty: Building officials
hasrelatedparty: Client
hasrelatedparty: Supervising PE
hassubject: Engineer Intern A
hasurgencylevel: moderate
initiatedat: When tasked with defect assessment
initiatedby: Being assigned to evaluate and report on structural defect
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A was not yet qualified to either make that determination or evaluate the materiality of the information
terminatedat: Not yet occurred
terminatedby: Would be terminated upon obtaining PE license
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725821
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

EngineerInternA_UnreportedDefectHistory_5Years
type: UnreportedKnownDefectState
type: NamedIndividual
affectsobligation: Provide complete temporal context
affectsobligation: Report all material facts about defect
caseinvolvement: Failed to include critical temporal information that defect existed for 5+ years
confidencescore: 0.95
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:41:48.042647
hasrelatedparty: Building owner
hasrelatedparty: Inspection authorities
hasrelatedparty: Public users
hassubject: Engineer Intern A
hasurgencylevel: high
initiatedat: When Engineer Intern A reviewed historical inspection records
initiatedby: Discovery that visibly obvious defect existed in photos from at least 5 years prior
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A failed to report the material information that the visibly obvious defect had been missed in inspection for at least five years
terminatedat: Not specified
terminatedby: Not terminated in the case narrative
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725690
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A
type: ForensicEngineer
type: NamedIndividual
caseinvolvement: Conducted multiple building investigations, identified structural dangers, reported to clients and authorities
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:54.449629
hasactiveobligation: Contact authorities about dangers
hasactiveobligation: Investigate building stability
hasactiveobligation: Report safety concerns
hasethicaltension: Balancing client service with public safety obligations when building poses danger
haslicense: PE and registered architect
hasspecialization: extensive design and forensic engineering experience
hastitle: professional engineer and registered architect
sourcetext: Engineer A was hired by Client B to conduct a building investigation to determine the origin and cause
wasattributedto: Case 57 Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725380
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A's extended notification obligation to appropriate authorities about safety concerns
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733727
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A's immediate actions after structural instability conclusion
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732231
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A's obligation to report material facts about safety defects discovered during inspection
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733665
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A's persistence obligation to ensure safety concerns are adequately addressed
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733756
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer A's supervision obligation regarding work performed under their authority
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733697
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer B
type: EngineerRole
type: NamedIndividual
caseinvolvement: Received report about defect from Engineer Intern A but not informed of five-year history
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:39:23.761631
hasactiveobligation: Ensure public safety
hasactiveobligation: Oversee bridge inspection program
hasactiveobligation: Supervise Engineer Intern A
hasauthority: supervises Engineer Intern A
hasethicaltension: Not fully informed about five-year history of unreported defect
haslicense: PE
hasposition: director
hastitle: state DOT director
sourcetext: Engineer B, a PE and state DOT director
wasattributedto: Case 57 Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724566
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer Intern's role in reporting safety defects discovered during inspection work
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733310
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Engineer Intern A
type: EngineerIntern
type: NamedIndividual
caseinvolvement: Discovered unreported defect, reviewed five years of reports, reported defect but not full history to supervisor
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:39:23.761631
hasactiveobligation: Report defects to supervisor
hasactiveobligation: Review inspection reports
hasactiveobligation: Supervise inspectors
hasauthority: supervises inspectors
hasethicaltension: Failed to fully disclose that defect had been unreported for five years
haslicense: unlicensed
hasposition: DOT bridge inspection program
hastitle: Engineer Intern
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A is an unlicensed engineer in the DOT's bridge inspection program under the supervision of Engineer B
wasattributedto: Case 57 Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725574
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ExtendedResponsibility_Case0710
type: PublicWelfarePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Property sold four years prior
appliedto: Structural modifications creating collapse danger
balancedwith: Current ownership rights
balancedwith: Past contractual relationships
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Establishes that engineers retain safety obligations beyond project completion
hasconcreteexpression: Engineer A should also have notified the new owner in writing about the perceived deficiency
hasinterpretation: Safety obligations extend to new property owners even after sale
hastensionresolution: Safety concerns override temporal limitations on professional relationships
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: Engineer A should also have notified the new owner in writing about the perceived deficiency
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.729842
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Grandfathering_Proposal_Constraint
type: GrandfatheringConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Chairman willing to hire inspectors if Engineer A concurs with grandfathering
confidencescore: 0.85
constrainedentity: Buildings under construction
constraintsource: Proposed city council ordinance
constraintstatement: Proposed ordinance would allow buildings already under construction to follow older code requirements
enforcementmechanism: City council legislation
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:33.060012
severity: major
sourcetext: permit buildings already under construction to be 'grandfathered' under the older code requirements
temporalscope: If ordinance passes
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731309
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Historical_Bridge_Inspection_Archive_5Years
type: HistoricalInspectionRecords
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.9
createdat: Previous 5 years
createdby: DOT inspection team
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:18.184827
hasdocumenttitle: Five-Year Bridge Inspection Archive with Photographs
hasversion: 5-year compilation
sourcetext: reviewed the inspector's reports and photographs going back five years and discovered that the same inspector had failed to report the same defect for at least five years
usedby: Engineer Intern A
usedincontext: Analyzed to investigate pattern of unreported defects
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725290
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Historical_Pattern_Disclosure_Requirement
type: TemporalReportingConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Intern A did not report that the defect had been obvious for five years
confidencescore: 0.8
constrainedentity: Engineer Intern A
constraintsource: Professional integrity and safety obligations
constraintstatement: Must report patterns of defects discovered through historical review
enforcementmechanism: Professional ethics review and potential disciplinary action
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:54.797579
severity: major
sourcetext: but did not report the fact that the defect had been visibly obvious for at least five years
temporalscope: Upon discovery of historical pattern
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728557
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Historical Records Review
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731915
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

I.1.
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732313
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

I.5.
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732344
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

I.6.
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732391
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

II.3.a.
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731219
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

III.3.a.
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732445
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Information Asymmetry Creation
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732046
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Inspection_Reporting_Competence_Boundary
type: CompetenceConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Inspector repeatedly failed to report visibly obvious defect over five years
confidencescore: 0.9
constrainedentity: Inspector under Engineer Intern A
constraintsource: Professional inspection standards and training
constraintstatement: Limited by technical competence to identify and report visible defects
enforcementmechanism: Supervisory review and quality control processes
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:54.797579
severity: critical
sourcetext: inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A had failed to report a visibly obvious defect
temporalscope: During all inspection activities
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728457
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Inspector_DefectRecognition_Deficient
type: DefectRecognitionCapability
type: NamedIndividual
capabilitystatement: Failed capability to identify or report visible concrete defects
casecontext: Systematic failure to report obvious defects
confidence: 0.95
demonstratedthrough: Pattern of non-reporting over five years
enablesobligations: Failed to enable public safety obligations
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:44:25.226698
possessedby: Inspector under Engineer Intern A
proficiencylevel: basic
sourcetext: the same inspector had failed to report the same defect for at least five years
temporalaspect: Over at least five year period
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.729628
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Inspector_Reporting_BridgeDefect
type: ReportingObligation
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Failed to report visible concrete bridge member defect for at least five years
compliancestatus: unmet
confidencescore: 0.95
derivedfrom: Bridge inspection protocols and safety requirements
enforcementcontext: DOT inspection procedures and safety regulations
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:26.413389
obligatedparty: Inspector under Engineer Intern A's supervision
obligationstatement: Report all visible defects in bridge inspections
sourcetext: an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A had failed to report a visibly obvious defect
temporalscope: During each inspection over five years
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Obligations Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727953
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

IntegrityOverPressure_Case985
type: IntegrityPrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Budget constraints
appliedto: Political pressure to grandfather unsafe buildings
balancedwith: Budget constraints
balancedwith: Political relationships
balancedwith: Practical limitations
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Establishes that external pressures cannot justify compromising safety standards
hasconcreteexpression: it was not ethical either for Engineer A to agree to concur with the chairman's proposal or to sign inadequate inspection reports
hasinterpretation: Professional integrity cannot be compromised by political or economic pressures
hastensionresolution: Integrity in safety assessments cannot be compromised for expedience
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: it was not ethical either for Engineer A to agree to concur with the chairman's proposal or to sign inadequate inspection reports
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730029
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Integrity_InspectionAccuracy_Case
type: IntegrityPrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: bridge inspection reporting practices
balancedwith: Organizational pressures
balancedwith: Personal relationships
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:55.075123
hascaserelevance: Systematic failure of integrity in inspection process
hasconcreteexpression: failed to report a visibly obvious defect
hasinterpretation: Professional integrity requires accurate and complete reporting of infrastructure conditions
hastensionresolution: Inspector repeatedly violated integrity principle over five years
invokedby: Implicit professional standards
sourcetext: failed to report a visibly obvious defect
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727387
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Jones
type: StakeholderRole
type: NamedIndividual
caseinvolvement: Purchased property with barn from Engineer A, made structural modifications
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:40:54.449629
hasactiveobligation: Maintain property safety
hasethicaltension: None specified
hasrole: Property owner
sourcetext: Engineer A sold the property, including the barn to Jones
wasattributedto: Case 57 Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724184
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

MaterialFactDisclosure_CurrentCase
type: TransparencyPrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Five-year-old undetected defect
appliedto: Inspection reporting
balancedwith: Potential to reduce response priority
balancedwith: Professional judgment about urgency
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Central to determining whether Engineer Intern A acted ethically
hasconcreteexpression: Engineer Intern A had a responsibility to report all material facts related to the visibly obvious defect
hasinterpretation: Complete disclosure of all material facts is required regardless of impact on urgency assessment
hastensionresolution: Full disclosure required even if it might reduce perceived urgency
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
sourcetext: Engineer Intern A had a responsibility to report all material facts related to the visibly obvious defect
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730176
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

NSPE_CodeOfEthics_Current
type: ProfessionalEthicsCode
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.95
createdat: Current version
createdby: National Society of Professional Engineers
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: NSPE Code of Ethics
hasversion: Current
sourcetext: The role of the professional engineer in protecting the public health, safety, and welfare is fundamental to the practice of engineering and is the overriding value in the NSPE Code of Ethics
usedby: NSPE Board of Ethical Review
usedincontext: Framework for evaluating ethical dilemmas involving public health and safety
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726468
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

PE_Supervision_Requirement
type: RegulatoryConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Intern A operates under Engineer B's PE supervision in bridge inspection program
confidencescore: 0.95
constrainedentity: Engineer Intern A
constraintsource: State engineering licensure regulations
constraintstatement: Must work under supervision of licensed PE (Engineer B)
enforcementmechanism: DOT policies and state engineering board
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:54.797579
severity: critical
sourcetext: under the supervision of Engineer B, a PE and state DOT director
temporalscope: Throughout unlicensed practice period
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728688
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Pattern Revelation
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732021
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

PublicWelfare_BridgeSafety_Case
type: PublicWelfarePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: bridge safety inspection and reporting
balancedwith: Organizational loyalty
balancedwith: Professional hierarchy
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:55.075123
hascaserelevance: Critical infrastructure safety directly impacts public welfare
hasconcreteexpression: visibly obvious defect in a concrete bridge member
hasinterpretation: Public safety requires reporting structural defects that could endanger bridge users
hastensionresolution: Engineer Intern A partially resolved by reporting defect but not full history
invokedby: Engineer Intern A
sourcetext: visibly obvious defect in a concrete bridge member
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727243
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

PublicWelfare_Paramount_Opening
type: PublicWelfarePrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: All engineering practice
appliedto: Ethical decision-making framework
balancedwith: None - this is the overriding value
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:45:20.040704
hascaserelevance: Establishes the foundational principle for analyzing all subsequent cases
hasconcreteexpression: The role of the professional engineer in protecting the public health, safety, and welfare is fundamental to the practice of engineering and is the overriding value
hasinterpretation: Public welfare serves as the supreme principle that overrides all other professional considerations
hastensionresolution: Public welfare takes precedence over all other considerations
invokedby: Board of Ethical Review
invokedby: NSPE Code of Ethics
sourcetext: The role of the professional engineer in protecting the public health, safety, and welfare is fundamental to the practice of engineering and is the overriding value in the NSPE Code of Ethics
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726977
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Public_Safety_Override_Constraint
type: SafetyConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Fundamental principle guiding all case decisions
confidencescore: 1.0
constrainedentity: All engineering decisions and reports
constraintsource: NSPE Code of Ethics
constraintstatement: Public health, safety, and welfare must be the overriding consideration in all engineering practice
enforcementmechanism: Professional ethics boards and licensing authorities
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:46:33.060012
severity: critical
sourcetext: protecting the public health, safety, and welfare is fundamental to the practice of engineering and is the overriding value
temporalscope: Perpetual
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731399
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_1
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732895
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_10
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733256
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_11
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733282
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_12
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733336
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_13
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733362
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_2
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732920
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_3
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732945
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_4
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732973
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_5
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732998
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_6
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733134
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_7
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733172
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_8
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733202
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

QuestionEmergence_9
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733229
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_1
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732479
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_101
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732506
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_102
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732538
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_103
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732565
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_201
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732593
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_202
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732619
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_203
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731426
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_301
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731967
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_302
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724220
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_303
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724325
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_401
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724352
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_402
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724387
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Question_403
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724417
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_1
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733389
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_2
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733439
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_3
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733472
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_4
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733501
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_5
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733548
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_6
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733578
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

ResolutionPattern_7
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.733605
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Selective Information Disclosure
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.731942
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Selective Information Disclosure → Information Asymmetry Creation
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732100
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Town_Certificate_Occupancy_Case07-10
type: CertificateofOccupancy
type: NamedIndividual
confidencescore: 0.9
createdby: Town Building Authority
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:37.346806
hasdocumenttitle: Certificate of Occupancy for Extended Barn
sourcetext: The changes were approved by the town, the extension was built, and a certificate of occupancy was issued
usedby: Jones (property owner)
usedincontext: Approval of barn extension with modified structure
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.726261
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Transparency_FullDisclosure_Case
type: TransparencyPrinciple
type: NamedIndividual
appliedto: Engineer Intern A's reporting to supervisor
balancedwith: Fear of consequences
balancedwith: Loyalty to colleague
balancedwith: Organizational hierarchy
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:42:55.075123
hascaserelevance: Incomplete transparency may prevent proper accountability and systemic correction
hasconcreteexpression: did not report the fact that the defect had been visibly obvious for at least five years
hasinterpretation: Full transparency would require disclosing the complete history of the inspection failure
hastensionresolution: Engineer Intern A chose partial disclosure over full transparency
invokedby: Professional ethics standards
sourcetext: did not report the fact that the defect had been visibly obvious for at least five years
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Principles Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.727530
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

Unlicensed_Engineer_Supervisory_Limitation
type: SupervisoryScopeConstraint
type: NamedIndividual
casecontext: Intern A supervises inspector but lacks authority to independently direct corrective actions
confidencescore: 0.85
constrainedentity: Engineer Intern A
constraintsource: Professional engineering licensure requirements
constraintstatement: Cannot independently supervise inspectors without PE license
enforcementmechanism: DOT organizational hierarchy and PE supervision requirement
generatedattime: 2025-12-29T21:43:54.797579
severity: major
sourcetext: an inspector under the supervision of Engineer Intern A
temporalscope: During entire internship period
wasgeneratedby: ProEthica Dual Constraints Extraction
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.728305
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

certificate of occupancy issuance after construction modifications
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.730592
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

defect discovery after five years of missed inspections
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732154
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

historical record review after initial defect observation
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732180
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

inspector
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.724598
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

insurance company
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.725480
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction

reporting to Engineer B after historical record review
type: NamedIndividual
generated at time: 2026-01-06T00:05:58.732205
was generated by: ProEthica Case 57 Extraction